Through March 31, 2021 the IFRs clarified that SBA will have the authority to make PPP-1 loans to new borrowers and PPP-2 “second draw” loans to prior PPP-1 borrowers through March 31, 2021. The maximum amount for PPP-1 loans remains $10 million ($20 million in a corporate group), and the maximum amount for PPP-2 loans is $2 million ($4 million in a corporate group). Today, the SBA announced that it will begin accepting PPP loan applications on Monday, January 11. In order to help ensure loans reach smallest businesses and underserved communities, SBA has issued guidance that they will only be accepting loan applications from community financial institutions for at least the first two days when the PPP loan portal reopens. As such, it may be important for potential borrowers to engage qualified lenders early to help ensure pre-application preparation occurs and there is no delay that could impact eventual award of the PPP loans.

Tax Treatment: The new law overturns the IRS ruling and provides that regular business expenses paid for with PPP loan proceeds shall be deductible for tax purposes (applies to past and future loans). 

Expanded List of Expenses Qualifying for Forgiveness: The list of expenses that PPP funds can be used for that qualify for loan forgiveness has been expanded to include: 

• “operations expenses” defined as payments for business software and cloud computing services and other human resources and accounting needs that facilitate business operations; 
• “supplier costs” defined as payments to a supplier for goods that are essential to the operations of the borrower pursuant to a contract or purchase order in effect before the PPP loan is disbursed or with respect to perishable goods, in effect at any time; 
• “worker protection expenses” defined as operating or capital expenditures to comply with public health guidance related to COVID-19, including things like drive-through windows and sneeze guards and the purchase of personal protective equipment (PPE); and 
• “covered property damage costs” defined as costs related to property damage or looting due to public disturbances in 2020 that are not covered by insurance or other compensation. 

Remember: It is still the case that not more than 40% of the forgiven amount can be for non-payroll costs, which may limit how much of your loan can be forgiven. 

Loan Forgiveness Reduction: If you also received an EIDL grant, your PPP loan forgiveness will no longer be reduced by the amount of the grant. 

Loan Forgiveness Period: The period for which expenses count toward loan forgiveness will begin on the date of loan origination and end on a date of your choosing that is between 8 and 24 weeks after origination. 

Simplified Application: If your loan was for less than $150,000, there will be a simplified one-page application process for loan forgiveness.

The brand new “Second Draw” program is for small businesses, non-profits, sole proprietors, and independent contractors who have exhausted their initial PPP loan. The program will make new loans through March 31, 2021 or until the new funding is exhausted. 

Eligibility: You are eligible for a second draw loan if you have exhausted your first PPP loan and  

1. you have less than 300 employees, and  
2. you have experienced a greater than 25% reduction in gross receipts during the first, second, third, or fourth quarter in 2020 relative to the same quarter in 2019. 

Entities with significant ties to China are ineligible for a second draw loan. 

Loan Amount: The maximum loan amount is the average monthly payroll costs for the entity during the 12 months prior to the loan or, at the election of the borrower, 2019 multiplied by 2.5 (or 3.5 for employers in the accommodation and food service industry). 

Seasonal employers utilize average monthly payroll costs for a 12-week period between February 15, 2019 and February 15, 2020.  

A loan may not exceed $2 million. 

Loan Forgiveness: The amount of loan that can be forgiven is the lesser of: 

1. Costs incurred or expenditures made between the date of the origination of the loan and ending on a date of your choosing that is between 8 and 24 weeks after origination for: (a) payroll costs, (b) qualifying mortgage interest or rent obligations, (c) covered utility costs, (d) covered operations costs, (e) covered property damage, (f) covered supplier costs, and (g) covered worker protection expenditures; or 
2. Payroll costs for the same period divided by 0.60 (this serves as a cap on the total loan forgiveness to ensure that at least 60% of the total amount forgiven is for payroll costs). 

Like original PPP loans, the amount of loan forgiveness can be reduced if the borrower has (1) reduced the number of employees or (2) employee salaries by more than 25%. However, the same safe harbors that apply to original PPP loans apply to Second Draw loans. Learn more about these Safe Harbors in our Guide for PPP Loan Forgiveness. 

Set-Asides: $25 billion is set aside for employers with 10 or fewer employees or for loans less than $250,000 for entities located in a low-income neighborhood. 

For new PPP applicants, the loan process will largely remain the same (check out our original PPP Guide) with a few major changes:  

• The PPP program is open through March 31, 2021 or until the new funding is exhausted. 
• If you are a 501(c)(6), a local news media organization, or a housing cooperative you may be newly eligible for a loan.  
• You may qualify even if you took advantage of the Employee Retention Tax Credit. 
• If you are a publicly traded company, you are now prohibited from receiving a loan.
• Group insurance payment can be included in your payroll costs when determining your maximum loan amount (see Step 3 in our original Guide). 
• If you are a seasonal employer, you have greater flexibility in picking the 12-week period between February 15, 2019 and February 15, 2020 used to determine your payroll costs and thus your maximum loan amount. 

New borrowers have until the end of the covered period of their loan (up to 24 weeks after origination) to restore a reduction in their number of employees or reduced wages in order to avoid having their loan forgiveness reduced.  Note: The safe harbors for when an employer cannot find qualified employees or where complying with COVID related safety measurers prevents a return to February 2020 levels of business activity and staffing remain in effect. Learn more in our Guide for PPP Loan Forgiveness. 

Set-Asides: $35 billion is set-aside for first time borrowers and $15 billion is set aside for employers with 10 or fewer employees or for loans less than $250,000 for entities located in a low-income neighborhood. 

Remember: The other changes regarding eligible uses of PPP funds and loan forgiveness discussed above will also apply to your new loan. 

Expanded Employee Retention Tax Credit: The new law significantly expands the employee retention tax credit beginning on January 1, 2021. The credit expires on June 30, 2021. The prior credit was 50% on $10,000 in qualified wages for the whole year (or a maximum of $5,000 per employee). The new credit is 70% on $10,000 in wages per quarter (or a maximum $14,000 per employee through June 30th).  

The new law also expands which employers are eligible. Prior to the new law, the employee retention tax credit applied only to an employer who experienced a decline in gross receipts of more than 50% in a quarter compared to the same quarter in 2019. Eligibility is now expanded to include employers who experienced a decline of more than 20%. 

In addition, the employee cap under which it is easier to claim the tax credit has been raised to 500 employees from 100 employees. Now, employers with 500 or fewer employees can claim the credit for wages to paid to employees irrespective of whether the employee is providing services.  

Employers can now also receive both the Employee Retention Tax Credit and a PPP loan, just not to cover the same payroll expenses. 

Remember: This is a refundable tax credit. See the Chamber’s original Guide to the ERTC for more information.  

EIDL Grants: The new law reopens the $10,000 EIDL Grant program. Priority for the full amount of the EIDL grant will be given to small businesses with less than 300 employees, located in low-income neighborhoods, who have experienced a 30% reduction in gross receipts during any 8-week period between March 2, and December 31, 2020 compared to a comparable 8-week period before March 2. If you meet this description and received a grant that is less than $10,000 you can reapply to receive the difference. 

Grants for Shuttered Venue Operators: The law creates a new $15 billion grant program for eligible live venue operators or promoters, theatrical producers, live performing arts organization operators, museum operators, motion picture theatre operators, or talent representatives that have experienced at least a 25% drop in revenue. 

Grants are equal to the lesser of $10 million or 45% of gross earned revenue in 2019. Grants must be used for specified expenses such as payroll costs, rent, utilities, and personal protective equipment.  

If you receive a grant you may not apply for a new PPP loan. 

SBA Loan Debt Forgiveness: The new law resumes the government payment of monthly principal and interest on small business loans guaranteed by the SBA under the 7(a), 504, and Microloan programs. Borrowers with loans approved by the SBA prior to the CARES Act will receive an additional three months of payments beginning in February of 2021. Those payments will be capped at $9,000 per borrower per month.  

After that, certain borrower will receive an additional five months of payments, including: borrowers with SBA microloans or 7(a) Community Advantage loans or borrowers with any 7(a) or 504 loan in hard hit sectors: educational services; arts, entertainment and recreation; food service and accommodation; support activities for mining, and oil and gas extraction; apparel manufacturing; clothing and clothing accessories stores; sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores; air transportation; transit and ground passenger transportation; scenic and sightseeing transportation; publishing industries; motion picture and sound recording; broadcasting; rental and leasing services; and personal and laundry services. 

New SBA loans made or approved between December 22, 2020 and September 30, 2021 will receive six months of government payment of principal and interest, also capped at $9,000 per month.

The IFRs clarified that new PPP-1 borrowers could choose 2019 or 2020 as the base period to calculate their maximum loan amount based on borrower’s payroll costs during the one-year period before the date the loan is made. These clarifications help ensure that new PPP-1 borrowers are able to obtain funding on terms commensurate with existing PPP-1 borrowers. In addition, the IFRs clarified that this base period flexibility would also be extended to farmers and ranchers, notwithstanding contrary language in the Act.

The IFRs also clarified that PPP-2 borrowers may use payroll costs during calendar year 2020 to simplify their calculations, notwithstanding language in the Act that requires borrowers to use either the 12-month period prior to when the PPP-2 loan was made or calendar year 2019.

Under the Act, PPP-2 borrowers must demonstrate a reduction of gross receipts during any calendar quarter in 2020 of at least 25% as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2019. The IFRs noted that quarterly revenue information may not be readily available and therefore clarified that borrowers that have been in business throughout 2019 can demonstrate the required 25% quarterly gross receipts reduction by showing an annual reduction of at least 25%.

Notwithstanding this flexibility, the PPP-2 25% reduction requirement may still slow down the approval process. The IFRs provide that for loans of more than $150,000, the lenders are required to perform a “good faith review, in a reasonable time, of the borrower’s calculations and supporting documents concerning the borrower’s revenue reduction.” If the lender identifies errors calculations or there is “a material lack of substantiation” in the borrower’s supporting documents, the lender is required to engage the borrower to remedy the issue. It is not clear what criteria lenders will use to establish a good faith review or a material lack of substantiation of the borrower’s reduction. However, this is another reason that borrowers may want to have a pre-application plan in place that documents the substantiation and the appropriate internal approvals, such as its board of directors.

The Act expanded the types of eligible borrowers to include housing cooperatives, eligible 501(c)(6) organizations, and eligible nonprofit destination marketing organizations, but these newly eligible borrowers must employ no more than 300 employees, and they remain subject to the SBA’s affiliation rules. In contrast, existing PPP-1 eligible borrowers, including newly eligible news organizations, must have no more than 500 employees (or 500 employees per physical location, if applicable). In addition, eligible news organizations are exempt from the SBA’s affiliation rules. Therefore, as with all SBA programs and government contract/grants, borrowers should consider including an affiliation analysis in any international documentation substantiating the need for the PPP loan.

The IFRs include a new prohibition that “permanently closed” businesses that have gone out of business and with “no intention of reopening.” The IFRs note, however, that borrowers that have only “temporarily closed or temporarily suspended” but that intend to reopen remain eligible for a PPP loan. It is unclear how SBA will make this determination or what criteria will be applied.

Similar to PPP-1, the costs eligible for loan forgiveness in PPP-2 include payroll, rent, covered mortgage interest, and utilities. The new eligible expenses were added by the Act. To be eligible for full loan forgiveness, PPP borrowers will have to spend no less than 60% of the funds on payroll over a covered period between eight or 24 weeks. The IFRs make clear that these newly added eligible expenses can be used by both PPP-1 borrowers (to the extent they have not yet received loan forgiveness) and PPP-2 borrowers.

PPP applicants must submit documentation sufficient to establish eligibility and to demonstrate the qualifying payroll amount such as payroll records, payroll tax filings, or Form 1099-MISC, Schedule C or F, income and expenses from a sole proprietorship; other supporting documents such as bank records must be provided if no other documentation is available.